3.6.2010

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האחד כל זה עוד לפני שהעליה בחומצויות האוקנוסים השתנתה בהרבה
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Impacts of Climate Change on  Australian Marine Life 
Part A: Executive Summary

CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research 
report to the Australian Greenhouse Office , Department of the Environment and Heritage 
September 2006

6.4 Mangroves 
Ecology 
Mangrove communities are diverse assemblages of trees and shrubs that are found fringing 
much of the tropical and sub-tropical coastline of Australia in sheltered areas, with the most 
extensive communities found in the tropics. The mangrove flora of Australia is one of the most 
diverse globally and these are highly productive systems. Mangroves act as an important buffer 
between land and sea, filtering terrestrial discharge, decreasing sediment loading of coastal 
waters and maintaining the integrity of coastlines. They are also valuable for their role in 
nutrient and carbon cycling. Mangroves act as a nursery and breeding habitat for marine species 
such as fish, crabs and prawns, including many commercially valuable species, and they also 
support a variety of terrestrial species such as bird populations.  

Implications 
Mangroves are under threat from coastal development, river catchment modification and 
pollution. While adapted to cope with salty conditions, mangroves thrive in areas where there is 
plentiful input of fresh water. Sea level rise is now considered a major threat to mangroves; they 
grow on shorelines with a low profile, thus, a small rise in sea level could inundate large areas 
of mangroves. Increases in atmospheric CO2 may enhance mangrove growth, but this will 
depend on other factors such as nutrient availability and salinity levels. Given the role of 
mangroves in coastal systems, conservation of mangroves should be considered a priority 
management strategy in response to climate change threats